How to File an RTI Application in India

1. Introduction

The Right to Information Act lets you ask government departments for information and hold public authorities accountable. This guide explains, in simple language, how to file an RTI, what it costs, how long it takes, and what to do if you do not get a reply.

2. Who should read this?

• Anyone who needs information from a government office.
• People stuck with delays in public services or schemes.
• Citizens who want transparency on a public authority decision.

3. What the law says

• The Right to Information Act, 2005 gives citizens the right to seek information from public authorities.
• Each public authority has a Public Information Officer (PIO) who must respond to RTI requests.
• Information is generally to be provided within 30 days, with exceptions for certain matters and a shorter timeline where life or liberty is involved.
• A small application fee applies, with exemptions for those below the poverty line.
• If you get no reply or an unsatisfactory one, you can file a first appeal and then a second appeal to the Information Commission.

4. Step-by-step process

1. Step 1Identify the department

   Find which public authority holds the information you need.

2. Step 2Write the application

   Address it to the PIO, state your questions clearly, and keep them specific.

3. Step 3Pay the fee

   Attach the prescribed fee (or claim exemption if eligible).

4. Step 4Submit

   File by post, in person, or online where available (such as the central RTI portal).

5. Step 5Follow up or appeal

   If no reply within the timeline, file a first appeal, then a second appeal to the Information Commission.

5. Documents required

• Your name and contact address.
• A clear list of the information sought.
• Proof of fee payment or BPL exemption if applicable.

6. Fees and government charges

• A nominal application fee (with exemptions for BPL applicants).
• Small per-page charges may apply for copies.

Fees vary by state and change over time; treat these as general pointers, not exact figures.

7. Expected timeline

Information is generally due within 30 days; a faster timeline applies where life or liberty is concerned. Appeals have their own timelines.

8. Common mistakes to avoid

• Asking vague or overly broad questions.
• Sending the RTI to the wrong department.
• Not keeping proof of filing and fee.
• Missing the appeal window after no reply.

9. Frequently asked questions

10. When you should consult a lawyer

• Your RTI is repeatedly denied or ignored.
• The information relates to a larger legal dispute.
• You need to draft appeals effectively.
• You face retaliation for filing.

11. How LawMitran can help